А Туннельная подкладка, also known as a tunnel formwork system, is a specialized piece of equipment essential for the secondary concrete lining of a tunnel. The selection of the correct trolley is a critical decision that directly impacts the safety, эффективность, and quality of a tunnel project. The main factors to consider when choosing a tunnel lining trolley are the tunnel’s geometry, the construction method, the required production rate, and the level of automation.
Tunnel Lining Trolley Selection Guide
Введение: What is a Tunnel Lining Trolley?
A Tunnel Lining Trolley, also known as a formwork gantry or shuttering carriage, is the backbone of the cast-in-situ concrete lining process in tunnels. It is a large, mobile steel structure designed to:
Support the Formwork: It holds the steel molds (forms) in the precise shape of the tunnel’s final concrete lining.
Facilitate Concrete Placement: It provides access and infrastructure for pouring concrete into the cavity between the formwork and the excavated rock/soil surface.
Strip and Advance: After the concrete has cured, the trolley hydraulically retracts the formwork (strips it) and moves itself forward to the next section to repeat the process.
Selecting the right trolley is not just a procurement decision; it is a critical engineering choice that directly impacts project speed, качество, безопасность, и бюджет. A poorly chosen trolley can lead to construction delays, poor concrete finish, and significant safety hazards.
Types of Tunnel Lining Trolleys
Tunnel lining trolleys can be broadly classified based on their function, Дизайн, and the type of lining they install.
Cast-in-Place (СИП) Trolleys: These trolleys support formwork into which concrete is poured to create a seamless, monolithic tunnel lining.
Телескопическая тележка для опалубки: The most common type for long tunnels, the formwork sections retract or “telescope” inwards after the concrete has cured, allowing the entire trolley to pass through the newly cast section and move to the next work area without being dismantled.
Полнокруглая тележка для опалубки: This type carries formwork for the entire tunnel cross-section (инвертировать, стены, и арка) and allows for a single concrete pour, making it ideal for circular or near-circular tunnels.
Arch Formwork Trolley: This trolley is used when the tunnel invert (пол) is cast separately. It carries the formwork for the upper arch and sidewall sections and is commonly used for horseshoe-shaped tunnels.
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