Graphite is the raw substance. А carbon composite is the high-tech, engineered final product that uses a special fibrous form of graphite to achieve its incredible performance.While both carbon composites and graphite are made of carbon, they are fundamentally different in their structure, properties, и приложения.
Difference Between Carbon Composites and Graphite
Here’s a breakdown of the key distinctions:
Graphite:
Определение: Graphite is a naturally occurring crystalline allotrope (form) of the element carbon. It’s one of the most stable forms of carbon under standard conditions.
Состав: It has a layered atomic structure. Each layer consists of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice (like a honeycomb). These individual layers are called graphene. The layers are held together by weak van der Waals forces, allowing them to slide easily over each other.
Properties:
Softness: Due to the weak bonding between layers, graphite is very soft (Mohs hardness of 1-2) and has lubricating properties (which is why it’s used in pencils).
Conductivity: It’s an excellent conductor of both heat and electricity, especially along the planes of its layers.
Высокая температурная стойкость: It can withstand very high temperatures (sublimates around 3,600°C) in inert atmospheres.
Density: Relatively low density.
Приложения:
Lubricants
Pencil lead
Electrodes in batteries and industrial furnaces
Refractory materials (materials resistant to high temperatures)
Thermal management (heat sinks)
Carbon Composite (often Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer – CFRP):
Определение: A carbon composite is an engineered material created by combining strong carbon fibers (a form of carbon) with a binding matrix material, typically a polymer resin (like epoxy). It’s a type of composite material, meaning it’s made from two or more distinct materials that, when combined, produce properties superior to the individual components.
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